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Conectando o Linux a Internet com ADSL-Velox (Telemar)
Desenvolvido por
Cópia Local - HOWTO-velox.dat (Download)
Cópia Local - velox-auth.sh (Download)
Cópia Local - velox-auth.sh (Texto)
HOWTO-Velox
Marcelo Toledo <>
v1.5, 28 de Dezembro de 2002
Este documento explica como instalar o serviço de Asymmetric Digital
Subscriber Line (ADSL) Velox fornecido pela Telemar em uma plataforma
compatível com GNU/Linux, explicando todos os passos detalhadamente e
todos os problemas que podem ocorrer em determinados momentos da
instalação.
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Conteúdo
1. Introdução
1.1 Licença
1.2 Pré-requisitos
1.3 Novas versões deste documento
1.4 Contribuindo
1.5 Créditos
2. Configurando o modem
2.1 Problemas iniciais
2.2 Verificando o hardware
2.3 Configurando o modem via GNU/Linux ou compatível
2.4 Configurando o modem via Microsoft Windows
3. Instalação no GNU/Linux ou compatível
3.1 Instalando e configurando o rp-pppoe
3.2 Alterações importantes
3.3 Estabelecendo a conexão e se autenticando
4. FAQ HOWTO-Velox
5. GNU Free Documentation License
1. Introdução
1.1 Licença
HOWTO-Velox
Copyright (c) 2001 Marcelo Dias de Toledo <>
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1
or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
Free Documentation License".
1.2 Pré-requisitos
Para obter sucesso na instalação abaixo descrita você irá precisar
de:
o Um modem (Fornecido pela Telemar)
o Fonte de energia (Fornecido pela Telemar)
o Um cabo de rede com conector RJ-45 (Fornecido pela Telemar)
o Um cabo telefônico.
o Uma máquina com Microsoft Windows 95, 98 ou 2000, placa de rede com
conector RJ-45, software de instalação da Velox para Microsoft
Windows (Não é necessário caso o modem já esteja configurado ou será
configurado com cabo serial)
o Cabo serial utilizado para configurar o modem, minicom (Não é
necessário caso o modem já esteja configurado ou será instalado a
primeira vez no Microsoft Windows)
o Uma máquina com sistema operacional compatível com GNU/Linux e placa
de rede com entrada para RJ-45
o ppp 2.3.11 ou superior
o rp-pppoe 2.6 ou superior
1.3 Novas versões deste documento
Você pode encontrar a versão original e atualizada deste documento,
assim também como outros relacionados no endereço abaixo:
http://www.marcelotoledo.org/stuff.php?c=m&t=DIR&f=/stuff/projetos/velox
1.4 Contribuindo
Para manter este documento atualizado é preciso de inúmeras
contribuições, se você possui o serviço Velox e tem alguma dúvida ou
gostaria de acrescentar algo neste documento, por favor envie um
email para com um arquivo anexado no formato texto.
1.5 Créditos
Para este documento alcançar sua atual forma foi preciso muita
dedicação de várias pessoas, estas pessoas listadas abaixo
contribuíram de alguma forma para a criação deste documento.
Leonardo Lacerda <>
Pelas informações iniciais cedidas.
Jean Milanez Melo <>
Por ter escrito o primeiro documento relacionado ao velox.
2. Primeira conexão
2.1 Problemas iniciais
Um profissional da Telemar apareceu em minha casa em um sábado por
volta de nove e quarenta da manhã, analisou a linha telefônica e
verificou a entrada da minha placa de rede, disse que ia na central
configurar algumas coisas e voltava no período de trinta a sessenta
minutos. Três horas depois o mesmo rapaz aparece, trouxe com ele o
modem HomeConnect, o cabo de rede e a fonte, instalou tudo e disse
que uma outra pessoa viria instalar o software, eu disse que não seria
necessário pois iria instalar em um outro sistema operacional e que
tudo que ele tinha feito já era suficiente, ele não sabia nem o que era
sistema operacional mas entendeu a mensagem, assinei um documento e
ele foi embora.
Logo depois sentei em frente ao monitor para quebrar a cabeça e
descobrir como iria configurar a Velox no meu Slackware GNU/Linux 7.1.
Fiz todos os passos descritos na seção de instalação (logo abaixo) e
infelizmente não obtive sucesso, fiz dezenas de tentativas, mexendo no
código fonte, alterando scripts, utilizando versões diferentes de
software, até que resolvi entrar em contato com um conhecido que já
tinha Velox, perguntei se em todos os sistemas compatíveis com
GNU/Linux que ele já havia instalado o Velox a primeira conexão tinha
sido feita com GNU/Linux, ele respondeu que coincidentemente não,
todos haviam passado antes pelo sistema operacional Windows da
Microsoft. Teimoso como sempre, peguei o computador do meu irmão que
roda Microsoft Windows 98 puxei o software de instalação da Velox e
obtive sucesso na conexão. Logo em seguida pulei para o GNU/Linux
novamente para tentar fazer as mesmas tentativas que havia feito
anteriormente, e o inacreditável aconteceu, funcionou :-).
Isso aconteceu porque o modem precisa ser configurado previamente para
funcionar corretamente e como o modem nunca havia sido utilizando
não existia nenhum tipo de configuração salva naquele modem.
Mas sim, é possível fazer toda a instalação sobre GNU/Linux ou
compatível via cabo serial como indicado logo em seguida ou instalando
o software para Microsoft Windows fornecido pela telemar que configura
o modem para você.
2.2 Verificando o hardware
Antes de iniciar a instalação ou configuração verifique:
o Se o cabo de rede está ligado corretamente
o Se o cabo telefone esta ligado corretamente
o Se o cabo de energia esta ligado corretamente
o Se a luz de power esta acessa
2.3 Configurando o modem via GNU/Linux ou compatível (apenas o modem
HomeConnect DualLink da 3Com)
Este passo não foi testado por mim mas já foi testado por outras
pessoas e com sucesso, se tiverem algo a corrigir ou acrescentar me
enviem um email.
o Ligue o cabo serial no seu computador e na parte de traz do modem
Agora vamos configurar o minicom para que ele acesse o device correto.
# minicom -s
Escolha a opção 'Serial port setup'
Escolha a letra que indica o serial device e digite o caminho para o
device que você ligou o cabo. Saia e salve as configurações.
dentro do minicom digite os seguintes comandos exatamente como listado
abaixo:
add port ISP
Este comando abaixo contem dados que podem variar de cidade para
cidade, consulte o suporte técnico velox para obter mais informações.
set port ISP network ppp vpi 0 vci 35
enable port ISP
save all
2.4 Configurando o modem via Microsoft Windows
Atenção - Se você for fazer/ou fez a configuração do modem via serial
pule esta seção.
Você deve baixar o arquivo de instalação do Velox para Microsoft
Windows no endereço:
http://www.marcelotoledo.org/stuff.php?c=m&t=DIR&f=/stuff/projetos/velox
Descompacte o arquivo e clique em setup.exe, o procedimento de
instalação é muito simples, respondendo perguntas simples e clicando
em Next até o fim da instalação que finaliza com o pedido de Reinício
da máquina. As perguntas feitas são:
o Ethernet / USB
Nesse ponto você deve escolher Ethernet.
o Provedor / Velox
Nesse ponto vai ter apenas uma opção que é o Velox.
o Login e Senha
O login e a senha são padrões para todos os usuários Velox no
país. Eles consistem no código de área da sua cidade seguido do seu
telefone.
ex: XXTTTTTTT onde XX é o código da cidade e TTTTTTT é o numero do seu
telefone onde está instalado Velox.
Em algum momento ele irá fazer verificações de comunicação entre o
computador e o modem, e logo depois deverá finalizar a instalação
sem maiores problemas, um pedido para reiniciar a máquina será
feito, aceite. Um ícone irá aparecer no seu desktop, execute-o e
você deverá estar na rede Velox. Agora para acessar a internet você
precisa de uma conta para se autenticar em
http://velox.telemar.com.br. Os provedores atuais são:
o A Tarde On-Line (http://www.atarde.com.br)
o iG (http://www.ig.com.br)
o Internett (http://www.internett.com.br)
o Terra (http://www.terra.com.br)
Depois de autenticado você estará livre para navegar na internet.
3. Instalação no GNU/Linux ou compatível
3.1 Instalando e configurando o rp-pppoe
Testei as versões 2.6, 3.0, 3.1 e 3.2 todas funcionaram, caso você
tenha problemas com versões mais recentes tente utilizar as mais
antigas.
$ tar zxvf rp-pppoe-3.0.tar.gz
$ cd rp-pppoe-3.0/
$ ./go
Esse é um script que roda o configure, make, make install e o setup,
caso algo de errado utilize esses comandos abaixo, caso tudo tenha
ocorrido sem maiores problemas pule esta etapa.
$ cd src/
$ ./configure
$ make
$ su -
# make install
# adsl-setup
Primeiro passo:
Welcome to the Roaring Penguin ADSL client setup. First, I will run
some checks on your system to make sure the PPPoE client is installed
properly...
Looks good! Now, please enter some information:
USER NAME
>>> Enter your PPPoE user name (default ALGUMA_COISA):
Digite XXTTTTTTT onde XX é o seu código de cidade e TTTTTTT é o
número telefone onde esta instalado o Velox.
Segunda passo:
INTERFACE
>>> Enter the Ethernet interface connected to the ADSL modem
For Solaris, this is likely to be something like /dev/hme0.
For Linux, it will be ethn, where 'n' is a number.
(default eth0):
Se sua interface padrão for eth0 aperte enter, caso contrario digite
sua interface.
Terceiro passo:
Do you want the link to come up on demand, or stay up continuously?
If you want it to come up on demand, enter the idle time in seconds
after which the link should be dropped. If you want the link to
stay up permanently, enter 'no' (two letters, lower-case.)
NOTE: Demand-activated links do not interact well with dynamic IP
addresses. You may have some problems with demand-activated links.
>>> Enter the demand value (default no):
Aperte enter, vamos deixar como padrão que o link fique sempre
conectado e que não precise de trafego para se conectar (demand).
Quarto passo:
DNS
Please enter the IP address of your ISP's primary DNS server.
If your ISP claims that 'the server will provide DNS addresses',
enter 'server' (all lower-case) here.
If you just press enter, I will assume you know what you are
doing and not modify your DNS setup.
>>> Enter the DNS information here:
Digite um dns primario.
Quinto passo:
Please enter the IP address of your ISP's secondary DNS server.
If you just press enter, I will assume there is only one DNS server.
>>> Enter the secondary DNS server address here:
Digite um dns secundario.
Sexto passo:
PASSWORD
>>> Please enter your PPPoE password:
Digite XXTTTTTTT onde XX é o seu código de cidade e TTTTTTT é o
número telefone onde esta instalado o Velox.
>>> Please re-enter your PPPoE password:
Re-digite a mesma senha.
Sétimo passo:
FIREWALLING
Please choose the firewall rules to use. Note that these rules are
very basic. You are strongly encouraged to use a more sophisticated
firewall setup; however, these will provide basic security. If you
are running any servers on your machine, you must choose 'NONE' and
set up firewalling yourself. Otherwise, the firewall rules will
deny access to all standard servers like Web, e-mail, ftp, etc. If
you are using SSH, the rules will block outgoing SSH connections
which allocate a privileged source port.
The firewall choices are:
0 - NONE: This script will not set any firewall rules. You are responsible
for ensuring the security of your machine. You are STRONGLY
recommended to use some kind of firewall rules.
1 - STANDALONE: Appropriate for a basic stand-alone web-surfing workstation
2 - MASQUERADE: Appropriate for a machine acting as an Internet gateway
for a LAN
>>> Choose a type of firewall (0-2):
Coloque o número 0 e aperte enter.
Oitavo passo:
** Summary of what you entered **
Ethernet Interface: eth0
User name: XXTTTTTTT
Activate-on-demand: No
Primary DNS: seu dns primário.
Secondary DNS: seu dns secundário.
Firewalling: NONE
>>> Accept these settings and adjust configuration files (y/n)?
Aperte y e todas as suas configurações serão salvas.
Adjusting /etc/ppp/pppoe.conf
Adjusting /etc/resolv.conf
Adjusting /etc/ppp/pap-secrets and /etc/ppp/chap-secrets
(But first backing it up to /etc/ppp/pap-secrets-bak)
(But first backing it up to /etc/ppp/chap-secrets-bak)
Congratulations, it should be all set up!
Type 'adsl-start' to bring up your ADSL link and 'adsl-stop' to bring
it down. Type 'adsl-status' to see the link status.
Se tudo ocorreu como descrito a instalação e configuração do software
rp-pppoe foi concluída com sucesso.
3.2 Alterações importantes
As ultimas alterações a serem feitas para que tudo ocorra sem maiores
problemas é:
o Certificar-se que o arquivo /etc/ppp/options esteja vazio
o Para o modem HomeConnect DualLink da 3Com, no arquivo
/etc/ppp/pppoe.conf, na linha onde contém
# PPPOE_EXTRA="-f 3c12:3c13 -S ISP"
Certifique-se esta linha esteja descomentada ficando assim:
PPPOE_EXTRA="-f 3c12:3c13 -S ISP"
Essa linha é requerida apenas para modems ADSL HomeConnect DualLink da
3Com.
3.3 Estabelecendo a conexão e se autenticando
Inicie o script 'adsl-start', algo parecido com isso deverá acontecer:
# adsl-start
. Connected!
Você está conectado, basta ir no endereço http://velox.telemar.com.br
para se autenticar para obter acesso a internet.
Em qualquer momento se tiver dúvidas de como esta sua conexão rode o
script 'adsl-status' que mostrará algo parecido com isso:
# adsl-status
adsl-status: Link is up and running on interface ppp0
ppp0 Link encap:Point-to-Point Protocol
inet addr:ALGUM_IP P-t-P:ALGUM_IP Mask:MASCARA
UP POINTOPOINT RUNNING NOARP MULTICAST MTU:1492 Metric:1
RX packets:1236 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1300 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:10
Eu desenvolvi um script para fazer essa autenticação através de um
script shell, basta coloca-lo no fim do script /etc/ppp/ip-up e sempre
que você rodar adsl-start você estará conectado e autenticado.
Pegue o script em:
http://www.marcelotoledo.org/stuff.php?c=m&t=DIR&f=/stuff/projetos/velox
ou
Cópia Local (download)
Cópia Local - velox-auth.sh (Texto)
4. HOWTO-Velox
P: Como eu faço para manter minha conexão up 24/7 e sempre que cair
ele inicie e se autentique automaticamente?
R: O rp-pppoe se configurado como acima vai tentar manter a ADSL
sempre up, se ela cair ele vai coloca-la up novamente. Agora para
se autenticar sempre que a ADSL re-iniciar basta adicionar o
velox-script.sh no final do /etc/ppp/ip-up. Assim sempre que a
conexão for re-iniciada por algum motivo você estará
automaticamente autenticado.
P: Como eu faço para compartilhar minha conexão com outros
computadores via rede?
R: Basta ligar o cabo de rede do velox e dos outros computadores em
um HUB. Uma dessas maquinas deverá ser o servidor que irá fazer o
forward de pacotes para as outras maquinas e as outras maquinas
deverão ser configuradas utilizando como servidor a maquina que
está fazendo o forward, isso é possível utilizando apenas uma
placa de rede pelo fato de ser utilizado mac addresses.
P: Minha conexão está muito instável caindo a todo instante. Como
faço para estabilizar a conexão ?
R: Existem dois parâmetros no pppoe.conf que controlam o intervalo e
timeout do LCP, o padrão atualmente é:
LCP_INTERVAL=20
LCP_TIMEOUT=80
Sendo que o LCP_TIMEOUT deve ser algo em torno de quatro vezes o
valor de LCP_INTERVAL. Algumas conexões tem queixa de
instabilidade e mexendo nesses valores voltam a ser
estáveis. Dividir os valores originais por dois resolveu na
maioria dos casos.
5. GNU Free Documentation License
GNU Free Documentation License
Version 1.1, March 2000
Copyright (C) 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 0 USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
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Cópia Local - velox-auth.sh (texto)
#!/bin/sh
# velox-auth.sh
#
# Versão: 2.0 - Mon Dec 9, 2002 @ 10:08 PM
#
# Copyright 2001 Marcelo Toledo <>
# All rights reserved.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
#
# Descrição:
#
# Este script automatiza a autenticação no serviço Velox fornecido pela
# Telemar. Foi desenvolvido para funcionar em uma plataforma compativel
# com GNU/Linux mas poderá funcionar sobre plataforma windows utilizando
# o Lynx (internet browser) portado para o mesmo.
#
# Para ultima versão acesse:
#
# http://www.marcelotoledo.org/stuff.php?c=m&t=DIR&f=/stuff/projetos/velox
#
#
# Agradecimentos:
#
# Manoel Pinho <>
# Por ter atualizado a lista de provedores do Rio de Janeiro.
# diretorio do lynx
LYNX=/usr/bin/lynx
# seu login
LOGIN='login'
# sua senha
SENHA='senha'
#
# Provedores (descomente a linha correspondente ao seu provedor)
#
# AT&T
#PROVEDOR='_ATT'
# ATARDE
#PROVEDOR='_ATARDE'
# BrFree
#PROVEDOR='_BRFREE'
# Bridge Online
#PROVEDOR='_BRIDGE'
# BrTurbo
#PROVEDOR='_BRTURBO'
# CPUNET
#PROVEDOR='_CPUNET'
# Centroin
#PROVEDOR='_CENTROIN'
# Connection
#PROVEDOR='_CONNECTION'
# Cyberwal
#PROVEDOR='_CYBERWAL'
# DDN
#PROVEDOR='_DDN'
# Digital Highway
#PROVEDOR='_DH'
# GD Computadores
#PROVEDOR='_GD'
# Image Link
#PROVEDOR='_IMAGELINK4'
# Infolink
#PROVEDOR='_INFOLINK2'
# Inside
#PROVEDOR='_INSIDE'
# Inter.net
#PROVEDOR='_INTERDOTNET'
# Internett
#PROVEDOR='_INTERNETT'
# ISM
#PROVEDOR='_ISM'
# Marlin
#PROVEDOR='_MARLIN'
# MTECnet
#PROVEDOR='_MTECNET'
# PRODASAL
#PROVEDOR='_PRODASAL'
# RJ Net
#PROVEDOR='_RJNET'
# Seven Internet
#PROVEDOR='_SEVEN'
# Super IG
#PROVEDOR='_SUPERIG'
# Terra (Rio de Janeiro)
#PROVEDOR='_TERRA'
# Terra (Salvador e MG)
#PROVEDOR='_TERRAMG'
# Uninet
#PROVEDOR='_UNINET'
# WB Consultoria
#PROVEDOR='_WB'
# WEST
#PROVEDOR='_WEST'
# VeloNET
#PROVEDOR='_VELONET'
# Empresarial
#PROVEDOR=''
#
# Não modifique
#
HOST='www.veloxzone.com.br'
COOKIE='$RANDOM$RANDOM'
$LYNX -source "http://$HOST" 1> /dev/null 2> /dev/null
$LYNX -source "http://$HOST/dashboard?fcn=accountLogonPrompt" 1> /dev/null 2> /dev/null
$LYNX -source "http://$HOST/dashboard?fcn=viewToolbar&JSESSID=$COOKIE" 1> /dev/null 2> /dev/null
$LYNX -source "http://$HOST/dashboard?fcn=viewServiceList&JSESSID=$COOKIE" 1> /dev/null 2> /dev/null
$LYNX -source "http://velox.telemar.com.br/dashboard?fcn=viewDashBoardFrame&serviceViewFcn=viewService&service=internet$PROVEDOR&JSESSID=$COOKIE" 1> /dev/null 2> /dev/null
$LYNX -source "http://$HOST/dashboard?fcn=viewService&service=internet$PROVEDOR&JSESSID=$COOKIE" 1> /dev/null 2> /dev/null
$LYNX -source "http://$HOST/dashboard?&fcn=serviceLogon&service=internet$PROVEDOR&username=$LOGIN&password=$SENHA&x=55&y=12&JSESSID=$COOKIE" 1> /dev/null 2> /dev/null
echo "velox-auth: Autenticação enviada."
|
